haw'Ōlelo
Paipu ERW
video

Paipu ERW

ERW Welded Pipe kiko'ī
Anawaena o waho: 3/4" - 24"
Mānoanoa Pā: 4 - 20mm (hoʻopilikino ʻia)
Ka lōʻihi: 6m, 12m, 20FT, 40FT a i ʻole maʻamau
Nā Papa kila: API 5L Gr. B, X42-X90
Nā pae huahana: PSL1, PSL2
ʻAno Hoʻopau: Beveled, Plain, Threaded & Coupled
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻili: pena ʻeleʻele, Varnished, 3PE, FBE, Galvanized, Epoxy
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo: Hydrostatic Test, UT, ECT
Nā kūlana API 5L, ISO, EN
Palekana: Plastic/Iron End Caps
Nā mea hoʻohana:ʻaila & Gas, kūkulu, mana, kai, mahiʻai
Hoʻolauna Huahana

ERW wili paipu kilahe paipu wiliwili -pololei i hanaia me ka wili kila, kahi e wela ai na kihi o ka uwila a hui pu ia e hana i wili longitudinal paa.Kū ʻo ERW no Electric Resistance Welded, a koho maʻamau ia no ka paipu laina, ka hoʻoili wai, a me ka lawelawe hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka OD paʻa, ka lawe wikiwiki ʻana, a me ke kumu kūʻai kūpono. Holo ka weld me ka longitudinally ma ka paipu, ka hopena i ka hana paʻa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ka pololei o ke ana. Me ka maikaʻi o ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ua lilo nā paipu ERW i mea koho nui i nā ʻoihana e like me ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana, ka wai mahiʻai, a me ka hana mīkini.

 

ERW welded steel pipe API 5L line pipe ERW pipe specifications OD 34 to 24 inch

ERW Pipe Specification (OD, WT, Papa & Kūlana)

 

'ikamu Lahi maoli / Koho Nā memo kūpono no nā mea kūʻai
Anawaena waho (OD) 21.3–660.4 mm (NPS 1/2–26, DN 15–650) Hoʻopili kēia i ka pūʻali nui ERW nui i hoʻohana ʻia no nā laina pono, ka hana hoʻolālā, a me nā pūʻolo paipu ma kahakai.
Mānoanoa Pā (WT) ~2.0–25.4 mm (OD-hilinaʻi) Kauoha maʻamau eASME B36.10M papahana: SCH 10 / 20 / 30 / 40 / 60 / 80 / 120 / 160; kekahiSTD / XS / XXSkahi e pili ai.
Nā kūlana API 5L (PSL1/PSL2), ASTM A53, ASTM A500, ASTM A252, EN 10219, EN 10217 E koho ma ka lawelawe:API 5Lno ka paipu laina;A53no ka lawe ana/galvanizing;A500/EN10219no ka hale;A252no ka hoahu ana.
Nā Papa Maʻamau API 5L: Gr.B, X42–X70 |ASTM A53: Gr.A/Gr.B |ASTM A500: Gr.B/Gr.C |EN10219: S235JRH / S275J0H / S355J2H E mālama i ka papa inoa "deal-real": hōʻike wale i nā māka āu e hoʻolako maoli nei, no ka mea, e noi ana nā mea kūʻai i nā hōʻike MTC a me ITP.
Ka lōʻihi 5.8/6.0 m (SRL); 11.8/12.0 m (DRL); ʻoki -i -lōʻihi i loaʻa (pinepine a hiki i 18 m ma ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana) Mokuʻāina SRL/DRL ma ke ʻano paʻamau; e mālama i ka CTL lōʻihi ma ke ʻano he koho papahana (e pili ana i ka halihali a me ka hoʻomanawanui pololei).
Hoʻopau Hoʻopau Ka Hopena (PE) / Hopena Bevel (BE) / Uila a hui pū ʻia (T&C) Hōʻike pinepine nā pūʻolo API 5L i ka PE/BE; He mea maʻamau ka T&C no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pono haʻahaʻa-
Ili / Uli ʻEleʻele / varnish / galvanized;FBE / 2LPE / 3LPE / 3LPP(koho) Pono ke koho ʻana i ka uhi ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka laina (ka lepo, ka mahana, ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho).
Nānā & Palapala Weld seamUT / Eddy i kēia manawa; hōʻike hydrostatic; dimensional & visual;EN10204 3.1 / 3.2 MTC(e like me ka makemake) E kau i kāu "hō'oia ho'olohe" ma 'ane'i: NDT scope, hydrotest, traceability, kolu -koho hō'ike 'ao'ao.

 

Ka Hana Hana Paipu ERW

 

ʻO ka Octal Pipe e hahai pono ana i nā kūlana honua i ka hana ʻana i nā paipu ERW, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana automated a naʻauao e hōʻoia i ka hana paʻa a hilinaʻi. Aia i loko o ke kaʻina hana piha:

ERW Pipes Manufacturing Process Octal Pipe001

 

1. Nānā Pono a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana

  • Ua koho ʻia nā pā kila e kū ana i ka API, ISO, a me nā kūlana honua ʻē aʻe.
  • Ho'āʻo ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana kemika, nā waiwai mechanical, a me nā hemahema o ka ʻili e hōʻoia i ka kūlike.

2. ʻOki & Hoʻokumu

  • ʻO nā mea ʻoki kiʻekiʻe -ʻoki pololei e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ke ana.
  • Piʻo mālie ʻia nā pā kila ma ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini i mau bila paipu poepoe.

3. Ki'eki'e -Ku'e Alapine Welding

  • Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā kihi i kahi kūlana plastik a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā wili wili.
  • Hoʻoponopono ʻia ka wikiwiki o kēia manawa, ka uila, a me ka welding e hōʻoia i nā welds paʻa a mau.

4. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela (Annealing/Normalizing)

  • Hoʻomaha koʻikoʻi no nā wili a me nā wahi wela-pilikia.
  • Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka microstructure, ka paʻakikī, a me ka pale ʻana.

5. Nondestructive Ho'āʻo & Nānā

  • Ka ho'āʻo ultrasonic (UT):ʻike i nā hemahema weld kūloko.
  • ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o kēia manawa (ECT):ʻike i nā māwae ili a me nā hoʻokomo.
  • ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic:hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa paʻi.
  • Nānā nui:pā mānoanoa, ovality, lōʻihi tolerances.

6. Ka nui, ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana

  • E kāpīpī i ka hoʻoluʻu a me ka nui e hōʻoia i ka poepoe a me ka pololei.
  • Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā paipu i ka lōʻihi e like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku, me ka chamfering a me ka deburring.

7. Lapaʻau ʻili a me ka uhi ʻana

  • ʻO ka pickling, shot blasting, a i ʻole -pani ʻinoʻino (3PE, epoxy pauda) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻino.

 

API 5L ERW pipe Gr B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70 ERW welded pipe PSL1 PSL2 for oil and gas

 

ERW Pipe Seam Mana Pono

 

ʻO ka lōʻihiERW paipu humuhumuʻo ia ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka hana ERW/HFW. No ke kū'ai 'ana i ka papahana, 'a'ole he slogan ka ho'omalu 'ana i ke ka'ina humuhumu -he kaulahao ia o nā mana ho'oponopono, -ka nānā 'ana i ka lō'ihi, a me nā mo'olelo hiki ke ho'opa'a 'ia e hō'ike ana i ka hui 'ana o ke ku'i, 'oki 'ia a ho'ā'o 'ia.

 

  • I ka -kaʻina hana hoʻomalu hili:ʻO ka huli ʻana o ka coil/heat traceability, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao, a me ka puka aniani hoʻohālikelike paʻa (mana/wikiwiki/pii) e hoʻopaʻa i ka hili ʻana.Kāleka ID/ODHoʻomalu ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi kikoʻī bead no ka lawelawe kahe a me ka pololei o ka uhi ʻana.
  • NDT -lōʻihi piha:nānā ʻia ka hili lōʻihi eUT a/a i ʻole Eddy i kēia manawae like me ke kūlana hoʻomalu a me ka ITP papahana, me nā hoʻonohonoho calibrated a me nā palapala ʻae ʻia.
  • Paʻa pono: hoʻāʻo hydrostatichana ʻia e like me ka mea e pono ai; hōʻoia ʻia nā loiloi dimensional (OD/ovality/straightness) me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka paʻa o ka wahi seam.
  • Hoʻoponopono a hoʻoponopono:ʻO nā hōʻailona hili e pili ana i kahi lula hoʻokaʻawale maopopo (ʻae /-nānā / hōʻole) i kūlike me ka kikoʻī; hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hōʻoia hou ʻia nā hana hou i ʻae ʻia.
  • Nā mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia:wela No. palapala palapala, NDT hoike, hydrotest hoike, aEN10204 3.1 / 3.2 MTC(ke noi ʻia).

 

ERW welded steel pipe OD and wall thickness inspection third-party inspection of ERW welded steel pipes (SGS  BV  TUV) ERW welded steel pipe length measurement and dimensional inspection

 

ERW Pipe vs Seamless Pipe: Pehea e koho ai

 

No ka nui o nā papahana, maʻalahi ka hoʻoholo:He koho maika'i ke kumu kū'ai-eRW ke 'ae 'ia ka paipu wiliwili a aia ka lawelawe ma loko o nā palena ho'olālā ma'amau; Makemake ʻia ʻo Seamless i ka wā e koi ʻia ai ka kikoʻī a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi ke dute.Hiki iā Octal Pipe ke hāʻawi i nā ala ʻelua a kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ke koho kūpono e pili ana i ke code a me ka pae pilikia.

  • E koho iā ERWi ka wa e pono aiʻO OD/WT hiki ke wānana, ka manawa alakaʻi pōkole, a me ka lako leo paʻano nā pono hana, hana hoʻolālā, a me nā pūʻolo laina he nui ma kahakai.Kiʻi mana kī:ka longitudinalERW hili-Octal Pipe e hoʻomalu i ka hili ʻana ma oka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lihi + stable welding parameter window, a hōʻoia i ka pono meNDT (UT/Eddy Current e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia) + hoʻāʻo hydrostatic. No ka palapala, hāʻawi mākouhiki i ka wela/coil traceability a me EN{0}} MTC(3.2 a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu-ʻike ʻia ma ke noi).
  • E koho i ka Seamlessi ka wa lawelawekiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe / kiʻekiʻe wela, kaumaha cyclic loading, a i ʻole i ka wā i ʻōlelo ai ka mea kūʻai/spec"ʻole wale."Hoʻemi ʻo Seamless i nā pilikia loiloi weld-ma ke kūʻai koʻikoʻi, a koho pinepine ʻia inā makemake ka poʻe kūʻai i kahi ala loiloi maʻalahi nohoʻolālā -lawelawe lawelawe(nā palena o ke kaomi/mahana, ka ʻike luhi, a i ʻole nā ​​koi koʻikoʻi o ka mea nona). No ka pale ʻana i nā āpau āpau, ʻōlelo ʻo Octal Pipe e haʻicode/standard, OD×WT, ka helu, ka laulā hoʻāʻo, a me ka pae palapalamaopopo ma ka RFQ/PO.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ka mea kūʻai aku ʻo Octal Pipe:Ma kāu RFQ/PO, mokuʻāinamaʻamau + papa + OD×WT + PSL (inā API 5L) + kaila NDT seam + hydrotest + EN 10204 3.1/3.2. Hoʻopaʻa kēia i ka palena o ka nānā ʻana a pale i ka hana hou ʻana i ka wā o ka loiloi palapala.

  • Hana ʻia: Coil + welded seam vs solid billet (ʻaʻohe seam)
  • ʻO ka laulā OD: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ERW a hiki i ka waena -OD vs ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke kaomi liʻiliʻi-OD/kiʻekiʻe-
  • Hoʻohana maʻamau: laina laina / pono / hale kūʻai me ke kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi / kiʻekiʻe -pilikia
  • Ka hoʻomalu pōʻino: weld seam NDT vs piha kino pono + NDT
  • Ke kumu kūʻai/Ka manawa alakaʻi: ERW haʻahaʻa a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi

 

API 5L ERW welded steel pipe product appearance and specifications stacked display of various grade ERW steel pipes (Gr. B  X52  X60  X70)

 

Nā noi a me nā noiʻi hihia ʻo REW Pipes

 

ʻO ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea (hana ROW ma kahakai):

Ma ka pololei-o-ka hana, ua hoonoho ia ka wikiwiki ekaulaʻi → hoʻopaʻa -up → kuʻi → hoʻokuʻu ʻia NDT → hoʻoponopono i ka uhi ʻana → hoʻohaʻahaʻa-ma. Ua koho pinepine ʻia ka paipu ERW/HFW i ka wā e pono ai ka pūʻolowili wili wikiwiki a paʻa OD/WTno ke kūpono -kūpono. ʻO kēia kahi e hōʻike ʻia ai ka hoʻopaʻi a ka mea hoʻolako: mePaipu Octal, loa'a pinepine i ka hui kahua hana apūʻolo palapala hiki ke ʻimi ʻia(heat/coil mapping + MTC) i hoʻopili ʻia me ka ITP pāhana, no laila, ʻaʻole paʻa nā paʻa-in e kali ana i nā pepa. Hoʻopaʻa maʻamau nā loiloi kahuaweld seam NDT uhi (piha -lōʻihi UT/EC e like me ka makemake)a me ke kūlana hydrotest-no ka mea, ho'ōki ka ho'oku'u 'ana i ka ho'oku'u 'ana a me ka ho'opane'e 'ana-i loko.

 

Ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana (ka -ka hana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana):

No nā pale kiaʻi, nā papa, nā lima lima, a me nā lālā hoʻolālā maʻamau, hoʻomau mau ʻia nā luinaʻoki ʻana i ka lōʻihi, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka wili ʻana, ka slotting, a me nā pale wili-maʻa me nā pahu kuʻi. ʻO ka mea nui i ka hanageometry hiki ke hana hou(OD, ovality, straightness) no laila ʻaʻole e "hakakā" nā ʻāpana i ka jig a ʻaʻole e puhi nā luina i nā hola ma ke kau ʻana a i ʻole hana hou. ʻO kahi ala kūpono e kākoʻo ai ʻo Octal Pipe i kēia ma ka mālama ʻana i nā kikoʻīpākaukau -kia(OD × WT, hoʻomanawanui, hoʻolālā lōʻihi) a me ka hoʻolako ʻanamooolelo nanae pili ana i ka nānā ʻana o ka pūnaewele QC i nā mea waiwai: nā hualoaʻa dimensional, ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana, a me ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ke kaula kahi e kau ai nā mea hoʻopili.

 

Nā Pūnaewele Mana a me nā ʻoihana (pani puka makani a me nā koi ʻae):

I ka wā o ka pau ʻana/ka huli ʻana, loaʻa pinepine ʻoe i kahipuka aniani hana paʻa, nā 'ae hana wela -palena, a me nā wahi ho'omoe i kaupalena 'ia-no laila pono e hiki mai nā mea.mākaukau-e-hana. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka paipu ERW nonā kī, nā kākoʻo, nā lima lima, a me nā laina kōkua, kahi pilikia o ka hana ʻaʻole "hiki iā mākou ke kūʻai i ka paipu," akā "hiki iā mākou ke pani wikiwiki i ka QA." Maʻaneʻi, emi ka waiwai o Octal Pipe e pili ana i ke kālepa a me nā mea hou akuhoʻokuʻu wikiwiki: hōʻike hydro/NDT, hiki ke ʻike i ka hailona, ​​a me kahi palapala ITP-aloha i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i hiki ke hōʻailona ʻia nā spools me ka ʻole o nā wahi paʻa a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana.

 

Ka waiwai kūʻai a me nā pono o nā mea kūʻai aku

 

Manao o ka mea kuai He aha ka manaʻo ma ka Pūnaewele Paipu Octal Hāʻawi ʻia No ke aha ia mea
Ke alakaʻi manawa a me ka hoʻouna pūʻulu Pau nā papahana i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka paipu i ka lohi a i ʻole ka hōʻea hewa ʻana no ka wili / hoʻokomo ʻana. Rolling + stock planning no nā nui maʻamau;papa hoʻouna pūʻului kūlike me kāu kaʻina hana; papa helu hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma ka nui/nui. E hoʻomau i ka neʻe ʻana o ROW/mua o ka hana a hoʻemi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka waiho ʻana a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka "nui nalo".
Weld Seam Risk Control (ERW seam) Ke nānā aku nei ka poʻe nānā i ka pono o ka hili ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana no ka nakinaki-in a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana-in. NDT -lōʻihi piha (UT a/a i ʻole Eddy Current e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia)+ hydrotest e like me ka mea e pono ai; palapala ʻae ʻia / hoʻokaʻawale i kēlā me kēia maʻamau / ITP. Kāohi i nā wahi paʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka laulā NDT ʻike ʻole a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa maikaʻi ʻana.
Kaulike ana no ka hoʻopili ʻana-up ʻO ka OD maikaʻi ʻole/ovality/pololei e hoʻolohi i ke kūpono-, hoʻonui i ka wili, like ʻole, a me ka hana hou. Kāohi ʻia ʻo OD/WT; nā moʻolelo nānā nui; ʻae ʻia ka hoʻolālā lōʻihi (SRL/DRL/CTL) ma PO. Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wikiwiki -a hoʻemi i ka hana hou ʻana o ke kahua a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.
Hoʻokō a me nā palapala hiki ke hahai ʻia Hiki ke hōʻole ʻia nā mea ma ka pepa ʻoiai inā maikaʻi ke kino o ka paipu. EN 10204 3.1 MTC(3.2 ma ke noi), hailona/wela traceability, hōʻike nānā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no kēlā me kēia papahana. Hoʻopōkole i nā pōʻai loiloi palapala a pale i nā kūlana "hoʻouna ʻia akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia".
Nā Koho Pāhana (Hoʻopau a me ka uhi ʻana) Hana ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o ka pūnaewele (-beveling, hoʻoponopono uhi, lohi). Nā koho PE/BE/T&C; nā koho pani e like meFBE / 2LPE / 3LPE / 3LPPke koiia; pale hoʻopau a me ka māka ʻana i kēlā me kēia PO. Hoʻemi i ka-hoʻololi a me ka uhi ʻana i ka hana hoʻopā-up.

 

ʻO kāu koho kūʻai maikaʻi loa

 

Me nā kaʻina hana kiʻekiʻe, ka mana koʻikoʻi o ka maikaʻi, a me nā kahua noi ākea, ua lilo ʻo Octal Pipe's ERW welded pipes i mea hoʻonā maikaʻi loa no nā mea kūʻai aku i ka aila & kinoea honua. Ma o ka hoʻomau mau ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaulahao lako, hāʻawi mākou i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi o ke kumu kūʻai, hilinaʻi, a me ka hana lōʻihi -

 

Hoʻokaʻaʻike i kēia manawa

 

FAQ

 

 

product-470-408

Q: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka paipu ERW a me HFW?

A: Hoʻohana mau ʻia ʻo HFW ma ke ʻano he ʻano alapine kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa o ERW-"ERW" ka hua'ōlelo umbrella, aʻo "HFW" e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻina -kiʻekiʻe alapine wili i hoʻohana ʻia.

Nīnau: Pehea ʻoe e hoʻoholo ai i ka helu kaomi paipu ERW?

A:ʻO ka hiki ke kaomihelu ʻia, 'a'ole pa'a-e pili anaOD, ka mānoanoa o ka paia, a me ke kaumaha ʻae ʻiano ke code hoʻolālā (e hoʻohana pinepine ana i nā hoʻohālikelike ʻano Barlow{0}}), a laila hoʻololi ʻia no ka ʻae ʻana i ka wela a me ka ʻino; ʻO ka hydrotest e hōʻoia i ka pono o ke kaomi inā pono.

Nīnau: ʻO ka paipu ERW vs ka paipu ʻole - ʻo wai kaʻu e koho ai?

A:E kohoERWke ʻae ʻia ka paipu welded a pono ʻoeOD/WT mau a me ka manawa alakaʻi pōkole; kohomaʻemaʻeke koi ʻia ka spec a i ʻole ke kuleanakiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe / wela a i ʻole ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka pōʻai.

Q: He aha ka manaʻo o ka ERW i ka paipu kila?

A:ʻO ERW ke kū neiUila Kū'ē. Hana ʻia ia e ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao o ka laina mekiʻekiʻe -ʻano alapinea e kaomi pū ana e hana i kahiwili weld longitudinal.
Nā palapala hōʻoia

 

CE Certificate

Palapala CE

ISO 9001 Certificate

Palapala ISO 9001

API Q1 Certificate

Palapala API Q1

ABS Certificate

Palapala Palapala ABS

AP-5L Certificate

Palapala AP-5L

API-5CT Certificate

Palapala API-5CT

 
ʻĀpana Hōʻike
Lahi OD 21.3–660.4 mm (NPS 1/2–26)
Mānoanoa Pā ~2.0–25.4 mm (pili -OD), SCH 10–SCH 160 / STD / XS
Ka lōʻihi 5.8/6.0 m (SRL), 11.8/12.0 m (DRL), ʻoki-i-lōʻihi i loaʻa
Nā kūlana API 5L (PSL1/PSL2), ASTM A53, ASTM A500, ASTM A252, EN 10219, EN 10217
Papa helu API 5L Gr.B / X42–X70; ASTM A53 Gr.A/Gr.B; EN 10219 S235JRH/S275J0H/S355J2H
Hoʻopau PE / BE / Threaded & Coupled (e like me ka makemake)
Ili / Uli ʻAʻohe/ʻeleʻele, varnish, galvanized; FBE / 2LPE / 3LPE / 3LPP koho
Nānā & Ho'āʻo Weld seam UT a/a i ʻole Eddy Current (ma kēlā me kēia kikoʻī), hoʻāʻo hydrostatic (e like me ka mea e koi ʻia), ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana, EN 10204 3.1 (3.2 koho)

Nā huahana pale: ERW Pipe, Kina ERW Pipe mea hana, mea hoʻolako, hale hana

E hoʻouna i ka noi

whatsapp

Helu kelepona

'Eleka

Nīnau