ʻIke Mea
Hoʻomohala ʻia e kū i nā kūlana kemika koʻikoʻi, ka316 moʻoo na kila kila -pili316L, 316H, a me 316Ti-hāʻawi kūʻē kūʻokoʻa i ka chloride corrosion a me ka oxidation.
Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia papa i nā koi wela a i ʻole nā mea hana, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻenekinia maʻalahi ma waena o nā mea kanu hana, nā ʻōnaehana mana, a me nā kaiapuni kai.
- 316L:-ʻano kalapona haʻahaʻa e hōʻemi ana i ka ua carbide i ka wā wili.
- 316H:Kiʻekiʻe-ʻano kalapona i hoʻopaneʻe ʻia no ke kiʻekiʻe-ikaika wela a me nā kolo.
- 316Ti:ʻO ka Titanium-mana paʻa e hoʻonui ana i ka pale ʻinoʻino ma waena o nā mahana lawelawe kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻolālā Alloy a me ka hana ʻino
ʻO ka huila18% chromium a me 12% nickelhoʻokumu ʻia ke kahua i ka hale austenitic paʻa, ʻoiaimolybdenum (~2.0–3.0%)hoʻoikaika nui i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻinoʻino i loko o ka chloride-media.
Hiki i ka Titanium a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono kalapona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ʻae i ka hana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia-inā i loko o ka paipu cryogenic a i ʻole nā hui hoʻomehana wela.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi metallurgical nui:
- Kūleʻa maikaʻi i ka acetic, phosphoric, a me ka sulfuric acid
- ʻO ka pale kiʻekiʻe i ka chloride-i hoʻoulu ʻia i ka pohā ʻino
- Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide a hiki i 870 degere (1600 degere F)
- Kūleʻa weld maikaʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka sensitization pilikia
Ka Hui Kemika (no ka ASTM A312 / A213 / A269)
|
Papa |
C (%) |
Mn (%) |
ʻO (%) |
P (%) |
S (%) |
Cr (%) |
Ni (%) |
M (%) |
Ti (%) |
N (%) |
|
316L |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 0.03 |
He emi iho a like paha me 2.00 |
He emi a like paha me 1.00 |
He emi a like paha me 0.045 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 0.03 |
16.0–18.0 |
10.0–14.0 |
2.00–3.00 |
- |
He emi a like paha me 0.10 |
|
316H |
0.04–0.10 |
He emi iho a like paha me 2.00 |
He emi a like paha me 1.00 |
He emi a like paha me 0.045 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 0.03 |
16.0–18.0 |
10.0–14.0 |
2.00–3.00 |
- |
- |
|
316Ti |
He emi a like paha me 0.08 |
He emi iho a like paha me 2.00 |
He emi a like paha me 1.00 |
He emi a like paha me 0.045 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 0.03 |
16.0–18.0 |
10.0–14.0 |
2.00–3.00 |
5 × C–0.70 |
- |
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka molybdenum a me ka chromium i nā ratio kaulike e hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka oxidation a me ka corrosion acid, e hoʻolilo i kēia mau alloys i kūpono no nā noi ʻoihana a me nā hana hoʻolālā.
Ka Ikaika Mechanical a me ke Kau wela
|
Papa |
Ikaika U'i (MPa) |
Ka ikaika hua (MPa) |
Elongation (%) |
Paʻakiki (HBW) |
Lawelawe Temp. |
|
316L |
ʻOi aku ma mua a i ʻole like me 485 |
ʻOi aku ma mua a i ʻole like me 170 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 40 |
E emi mai a like paha me 217 |
a hiki i 425 degere |
|
316H |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 515 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 205 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 40 |
E emi mai a like paha me 217 |
a hiki i 870 degere |
|
316Ti |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 515 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 205 |
ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 40 |
E emi mai a like paha me 217 |
a hiki i 870 degere |
Nānā mīkini:
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o 316L no nā hui welded a me nā pipeline cryogenic; ʻOi maikaʻi ʻo 316H a me 316Ti i nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe i hoʻomau ʻia me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana kolo.
Alanui Hana Hana
ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā paipu kila kila 316-series e koi i ka mana metallurgical pololei e mālama i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me ka like ʻana o ka mīkini.
ʻAʻole like me nā kila kalapona, koi kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe austenitic i nā wahi hoʻoheheʻe maʻemaʻe, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana, a me nā helu hoʻomaha hoʻomalu e pale ai i ka sensitization a i ʻole ka coarsening palaoa.
Ka holo hana maʻamau:
- Māmā a i ʻole Argon Furnace hehee:Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka kemika alloy a hōʻemi i ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka nitrogen a i ʻole sulfur.
- ʻImi wela a me ka elongation:Hoʻololi i nā pila paʻa i loko o nā ʻāwaha ʻole me ke kahe o ka palaoa kuhikuhi no ka hoʻomanawanui kiʻekiʻe.
- Ke kaha ki'i anu a me ka nui:Loaʻa i ka hoʻomanawanui pololei, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka concentricity, a hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili.
- Hoʻoponopono Annealing:Hana ʻia ma waena o 1040 degere a me 1120 degere, a ukali ʻia e ka wai wikiwiki a i ʻole ka ea hoʻopau e hoʻopau i nā carbide a hoʻihoʻi i ke kūpaʻa austenitic corrosion piha.
- Pickling a me ka Passivation:Wehe i nā oxides a hoʻihoʻi hou i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive waiwai chromium -koʻikoʻi no ka lōʻihi o ka ʻakika a i ʻole ka chloride-kaiapuni waiwai.
Hana ʻia nā paipu welded me ka hoʻohana ʻanaGTAW (TIG)a i ʻolewiliwili laserme nā mea hoʻopihapiha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka haku mele (ER316L a i ʻole ER316Ti).
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka polishing ma hope o ka weld solution no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ʻino i nā mea hoʻokomo koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻōnaehana kemika a me ka lāʻau.
Ka laulā a me ka hoʻomanawanui
|
ʻĀpana |
Laulā / Hoʻomanawanui |
|
Mawaho Anawaena |
6 – 610 mm |
|
Mānoanoa Pā |
0.5 - 100 mm |
|
Ka lōʻihi |
A hiki i 12 m (SRL / DRL / maʻamau) |
|
OD Hoomanawanui |
± 1 % |
|
WT Hoomanawanui |
± 10 % |
|
Pololei |
Ma lalo o a i ʻole like me 0.8 mm o ka m |
Loaʻa mai hoʻopili ʻia, ʻakomi, a i ʻolei poniiahoʻopau, hoʻolako ʻia kēia mau paipu no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻohana ʻana -pili.
Ka ho'āʻo a me ka hōʻoia maikaʻi
ʻO ka nānā piha ʻana e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia 316-paʻu paipu kila kila e mālama i ka paʻa metala a me ka leak-proof hana ma mua o ka lawe ʻana.
Kūlike nā kaʻina hana hoʻāʻo meASTM A312, A999, a piliASME SAkikoʻī, e uhi ana i nā pae hōʻoia luku a me ka ʻole{0}}hōʻoia.
Nā hōʻoia maikaʻi maʻamau:
- Hydrostatic a i ʻole Eddy -Hoʻāʻo i kēia manawa:Hōʻoia i ka pono o loko a ʻike i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻili.
- Nā ho'āʻo hoʻāʻo ʻo Tensile, Hardness, and Flattening:E hōʻoia i ke kūlike mechanical ma nā ʻāpana hana.
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻino ʻana ma waena o ka ʻāina (ASTM A262 Practice E):E hōʻoia i ka pale ʻana i ka ua carbide, ʻoi loa no 316L a me 316Ti.
- ʻIke Mea Pono (PMI):E hō'oia i ka ho'okō 'ana i ka huila me nā ma'i'o Cr{0}}Ni-Mo.
- Nānā Kiʻi a me ka nui:Ana i ka pololei, ka pau ana, a me ka like ana o ka paia me na ana pololei.
No ka -ma'ema'e ki'eki'e a i 'ole ka'ina hana-noi ko'iko'i, kohoanana ferrite, hōʻike weld radiographic, a i ʻoleka loiloi ʻana o ka ʻili o ka ʻili (Ra ʻoi aʻe ma mua o a i ʻole like me 0.8 μm)hiki ke hoakakaia.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻikepili hōʻike āpau ma lalo o nā palapala QA i hoʻomalu ʻia a hoʻopuka ʻia e like meEN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 palapalano ka hiki ke huli pono.
Hana ma ka lawelawe
Hōʻike kēlā me kēia 316L, 316H, a me 316Ti i ke kūpaʻa kūʻokoʻa ma lalo o ke kaumaha o ka hana.
- 316L:Maikaʻi i ka wiliwili-mea kaumaha, e hōʻemi ana i ka ua carbide.
- 316H:Kū'ē i ka kolo a me ka haki ʻana ma lalo o ka hoʻopaʻa wela lōʻihi.
- 316Ti:Mālama i ka ductility a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion ʻoiai ma hope o nā pōʻai wela he nui.
ʻO kā lākou papa oxide paʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kūpono iā lākou no nā mea ʻeluameaʻai -papaaʻōnaehana kaʻina hana kemika.
Nā Pae Aina Noi
- ʻO nā mea hoʻololi wela Petrochemical a me nā paipu condenser
- Laina lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka meaʻai
- Mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe pepa a me ka pulp
- Nā paepae waho a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopau kai
- -wela wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻea-hue
- ʻO ka versatility o ka ʻohana 316 e hōʻoia i ka lawelawe hilinaʻi ma waena o nā ʻoihana e koi ana i ka corrosion a me ka hoʻomanawanui wela.
Hoʻolako ʻenekinia a me ka hiki ke ʻimi
Ma ke ʻano o kāna kōpili kila -pili,Paipu Octalhāʻawi i nā paipu 316L, 316H, a me 316Ti me ka ʻike piha ʻana, ka hōʻoia wili (EN 10204 3.1/3.2), a me ka hōʻoia NDE.
Hoʻopuka ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻulu ma lalo o nā kaʻina hana ISO-, e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana me nā code ASTM a me ASME no nā noi kiʻekiʻe -ʻoihana a me ka papahana.
FAQ
Q1: He aha ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o 316L, 316H, a me 316Ti paipu kila kila?
Q2: I ka manawa hea wau e koho ai i ka paipu kila kila 316L?
Q3: I ka manawa hea ka 316H kuhiliʻole kila paipu makemake?
Q4: I ka manawa hea wau e hoʻohana ai i ka paipu kila kila 316Ti ma kahi o 316L?
Nā palapala hōʻoia
Palapala CE
Palapala ISO 9001
Palapala API Q1
Palapala Palapala ABS
Palapala AP-5L
Palapala API-5CT
