ASTM A335 P9 Alloy Steel Paipu

ASTM A335 Gr. ʻO P9 kahi paipu kila ferritic i hoʻolālā ʻia nolawelawe mau i ka wela a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Me kahi9% chromium a me 1% molybdenum, Noho ia ma ka ʻohana 9Cr-1Mo i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana mana, nā mea hoʻomehana petrochemical, nā mea hoʻoponopono, a me nā laina kaʻina hana wela.

Ma kaPaipu Octal, Hoolakoia na paipu P9 makūlana maʻamau a me ka huhū, hoʻāʻo piha ʻia, a hiki ke ʻimi ʻia i ka wela/puʻupuʻu, kūpono i nā paila, nā poʻo, nā mea hoʻomehana wela, nā laina mahu a me nā paipu kaʻina hana wela kiʻekiʻe kahi i hiki ʻole ai i nā mea hao kalapona maʻemaʻe a me nā mea haʻahaʻa-Cr ke mālama i ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ke kolo.

ʻAʻole like me ke kila kalapona maʻamau, hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo P9 e mālama i ka ikaika a me ka pono o ka ʻili ma hopemau tausani horai ka wela metala kiʻekiʻe.

• Chromium (~9%)hana i ka paakiki, piliCr₂O₃ kiʻiʻoniʻonima luna o ka ʻilikai, e hoʻolohi ana i ka scaling a me ka oxidation i loko o ka mahu wela a i ʻole ka ʻea -ea huila.
• Molybdenum (~1%)hoʻoikaika i ka matrix ferritic a hoʻopaneʻe i ka deformation creep ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka neʻe dislocation.
• Ma hopehana maʻamau + hoʻohaunaele, hoike mai ke kila ahoʻolālā ferrite-carbide hoʻohaʻahaʻame nā palena o ka palaoa paʻa a me nā carbide hoʻomalu ʻia (ʻoi aku ka nui o M₂₃C₆ / M₆C) ma nā palena - ʻo ia ka mea e mālama ai i ka ikaika o ke kolo-a haʻalele i ka embrittlement palena ʻai i ka wā lōʻihi.

No laila, ma ka lawelawe wela - kiʻekiʻe (nā wili wela nui, nā laina hoʻololi hoʻololi), noho paʻa ka P9 ma mua o nā huila ʻano P5/P11.

Hoʻohui Kimia (ʻano maʻamau)

Waiwai Mechanical (ASTM A335 P9)

• Ka ikaika tensile:ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 415 MPa
• Ka ikaika hana:ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 205 MPa
• Elongation:ʻOi aku ma mua a i ʻole like me 30%
• ʻoʻoleʻa:He emi a like paha me 163 HBW

ʻO kēia mau waiwai no ke kūlana hoʻopuka maʻamau-a-e hāʻawi i ka palena i lawa no ke kaomi a me ka hoʻolālā wela.

No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka huli ʻana o ke kemika 9Cr-1Mo i ka microstructure wela -kiʻekiʻe i makemake ʻia, hoʻohana ʻo Octal Pipe i kahi ala paipu ʻole i hoʻomalu ʻia:

• Billet & piercing

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā bilets Cr-Mo maʻemaʻe i ka wela kūpono (ma kahi o 1100–1150 degere ), a laila hou ʻia a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia e hana i nā lua me ke kahe ʻano like ʻole.

• Ke kiʻi wela / anu

Lawe ʻia ka mānoanoa pā i ka papa kuhikuhi i kauoha ʻia (SCH 10 – SCH 160). Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia ka hana ma'amau i ka wā e ho'emi nui 'ia ai ka ho'omanawanui.

• Hoʻoponopono maʻamau (ma kahi o . 900 –950 degere )

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ferrite, hoʻoheheʻe -ʻano like ʻole, wehe i nā koʻikoʻi o loko mai ka hana ʻana.

• Hoʻomāmā (ma kahi o . 675 –760 degere )

Hoʻihoʻi hou i ka ductility a me nā laka i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka carbide i makemake ʻia i mea e kūlike ai nā waiwai rupture creep i nā koi ASTM.

• Ka hoomalu maikai

1. Ultrasonic / eddy-NDT i kēia manawa ma ke kino paipu a me nā hopena
2. Hōʻike hydrostatic
3. ʻO ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻohālike mechanical i kēlā me kēia pūʻulu
4. EN 10204 3.1/3.2 palapala hōʻoia no ka huli ʻana

ʻO ka hopena, he paipu me nā carbide maikaʻi, pālahalaha like ʻole a me kahi matrix ferritic paʻa paʻa - ka hale āu e makemake ai no ka lawelawe wela - lōʻihi.

Hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia nā lōʻihi kūikawā a me nā hoʻomanawanui ʻoi aku no nā papahana boiler/HRSG.

Ke piʻi ka mahana metala i ka600–700 degere, Mālama ʻo P9 i ʻelua mau mea e hoʻomaka ana nā māka haʻahaʻa e nalowale:

• Ka pono o ka ili– ʻO ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻona Cr-ʻoi aku ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka unahi a hoʻemi i ka spllation oxide, no laila ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka paipu a me ka ʻemi o ka paia.
• Paʻa kolo- me Mo i loko o ka hopena a me ka hoʻomalu carbide, hiki i ka huila ke hiki i ka creep rupture ikaika ma ke kauoha e pono ai no 10⁴ h lawelawe ma kahi o 600 degere.

ʻO ia ke kumu i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ai ka P9 no:

• Nā mea kanu mana:nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe wela, nā poʻo mahu, nā laina mahu nui wela
• ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe / petrochemical:nā paipu hoʻoponopono hou, nā laina hoʻololi, -paipu kinoea wela
• Mea kanu kaʻina hana wela kiʻekiʻe-:nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā manifolds, nā laina hānai reactor
• ʻAila a me nā ʻāpana wela:ka hoʻoheheʻe mahu, nā laina hana hydrogen-e hana ana ma lalo o nā kūlana wela a me ka pōʻaiapuni

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me P5/P11, hāʻawi ʻo P9ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele oxidation a me ka lohi o ka microstructural coarsening, ʻo ia ka mea e unuhi pinepine ai i nā wā nānā lōʻihi.

• Iecaianoaaiiuo iASTM A335 / ASME SA-335a me nā koi ISO/EN pili
• Hāʻawi i lokomaʻamau a huhūkūlana
• Mechanical, NDT, hydrostatichōʻike hōʻike no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu
• 3.1 / 3.2 palapala hōʻoialoaʻa
• Hoʻopili kūpono no ka lawe ʻana i waho a me ka lawe ʻana -maʻamau
• Kākoʻo -pae QA/QC no ka mana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea kanu kemika

FAQ

 

 

Q1: He aha ka ASTM A335 P9 (ASME SA335 P9) paipu i hoʻohana ʻia no?

A1:ʻO ka paipu chrome -moly alloy ʻole no ke kiʻekiʻe-mahana, kiʻekiʻe-lawelawe i ka mana a me nā ʻōnaehana petrochemical.

Q2: He aha ka manaʻo o "9Cr-1Mo" no ka paipu P9?

A2:E pili ana ia i ka hoʻolālā hao me ka chromium kiʻekiʻe a me ka molybdenum no ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻomake ʻana a me ka ikaika mahanahana kiʻekiʻe.

Q3: Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o P9 me P22 a i ʻole P91?

A3:ʻO P9 kahi papa 9Cr-1Mo; ʻO P22 ka 2.25Cr-1Mo, ʻoiai ʻo P91 kahi papa 9Cr-1Mo i hoʻololi ʻia me nā mana metallurgical paʻa.

P4: He aha ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela -maʻamau no ka paipu maʻemaʻe ʻole A335 P9?

A4:He kūlana mālama wela -maʻamau (maʻamau a hoʻopaʻa ʻia) me nā moʻolelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me ka makemake o ke kauoha/spec.

Q5: He aha kaʻu e noi ai e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka paipu P9 ma mua o ke kūʻai?

A5:3.1 MTC me ka huli ʻana o ka wela, nā hopena kemika/mechanical, a me ka NDE/hydrotest pono no ke kikoʻī o ka papahana.

Nā palapala hōʻoia

 

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