ASTM A335 P22 Pipe Specification (Chrome Moly Pipe) - BLOG

ʻOihana ʻenehana

Ma waena o nā kila huila Cr-Mo,ASTM A335 Papa P22hōʻike i kekahi o nā mea hoʻonā ʻoi loa nokiʻekiʻe -puʻi a me kiʻekiʻe{1}}ahi paipu.
Hoʻohui ia2.25% chromiuma1% molybdenum, e hana ana i kahi matrix alloy hiki ke pale aku i ka kolo, oxidation, a me ka carburization i ka wā lōʻihi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mahana a hiki i620 degere (1150 degere F).

Ua lōʻihi kēia mea i kaka mea hana o ka hana mana, hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā ʻōnaehana paipu petrochemical, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka ʻokoʻa hana ma waena o nā māka haʻahaʻa e like me P11 a me nā mea hao ferritic{1}}martensitic kiʻekiʻe e like me P91.
ʻO kona kaulike o ka hilinaʻi mekini, hiki ke hana, a me ka -paʻa lōʻihi e kūpono ia nonā poʻomanaʻo mahu, nā paipu wela, a me nā laina hoʻololi wela kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻolālā Alloy a me nā kumu waiwai Metallurgical

No ka papa P22papa ferritic–temperedo na kila. Loaʻa kāna hana mai kahi microstructure i hana ʻia i haku ʻiaferrite ʻoluʻolu a paʻa chromium-molybdenum carbide (M₂₃C₆, M₆C).

ʻElemu Alloy	Maʻiʻo (%)	Hana ma ka hana
Cr (Chromium)	1.90 – 2.60	Hoʻokumu i kahi papa oxide pale a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka scaling
Mo (Molybdenum)	0.87 – 1.13	Hāʻawi i ka hopena paʻa-hoʻoikaika a me ke kūpale kolo
C (Kapona)	0.05 – 0.15	Hoʻomalu i ka paʻakikī a me ke kaulike ductility
Mn (Manekene)	0.30 – 0.60	Hoʻonui i ka weldability a me ka paʻakikī
Si (Silikona)	0.50 – 1.00	Hoʻonui i ka oxidation a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion
P / S	He emi a like paha me 0.025	Mālama i ka ductility a pale i ka brittleness palena palaoa

Hoʻomaopopo kēia hoʻonohonoho metallurgical:

ʻO ka microstructure ferrite paʻa -carbidekū'ē i ka coarsening ma lalo o ke kaumaha wela.
Kuʻu -paʻa paʻama luna o 100,000 hola lawelawe ma 540–600 degere .
Kūleʻa weld maikaʻii ka wā i mālama ʻia ai -weld wela-(PWHT).
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana, e hoemi ana i ka iliili o ka paipu a me ka hoopau metala.

Ka Pono Mechanical a me ke kū'ē i ka wela

Waiwai	Koi	Ke kumu hana ʻenekinia
Ikaika U'i	ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 415 MPa (60 ksi)	ʻAʻa i ke koʻikoʻi axial lōʻihi-
Ka ikaika hua	ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 205 MPa (30 ksi)	Kāohi i ka deformation plastic
ʻO ka elongation	ʻOi aku ma mua a i ʻole like me 30%	Hāʻawi i ka ductility hana
ʻoʻoleʻa	ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 163 HBW	E hōʻoia i ka paʻakikī weld a me ka pale ʻana i ka luhi

Ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, mālama ʻo P22 i ka akokolo -ikaika ma luna o 60 MPa ma 600 degere, mālama i kona ʻano a me kona kūpaʻa ʻoiai ma lalo o ke kaomi cyclic a me ka haʻalulu.

Hana ʻenehana a me ka wela wela

ʻAʻole like me nā kila kalapona haʻahaʻa, pono ʻo P22 i ka pololeihoʻomalu wela-mechanicala puni ka hana ʻana.
Hoʻohana ʻo Octal Pipe i nā ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia i hui pū ʻia melapaau wela -nuie hōʻoia i ka like ʻana o ka metallurgical a me ka pololei dimensional.

Alanui Hana Hana:

ʻImi Billet & Hoʻokumu Wela– Ua hou ʻia nā bila Cr-Mo ma 1100–1150 degere me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻokuke ʻana.
Kiʻi Anu / ʻOka Wela- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka nui o ka palaoa a me ka like o ka paia.
Hoʻoponopono maʻamau (940–980 degere)- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā huaʻai ferritic a hoʻoheheʻe i nā carbide i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
Hoʻomāmā (675–760 degere)- Hoʻomaha i nā koʻikoʻi o loko, hoʻihoʻi i ka ductility, a hoʻopaʻa i ka carbide.
Hoʻāʻo Hydrostatic / Ultrasonic- Hōʻoia i ka hiki ke kaomi a me ke kani o ka hoʻolālā.

ʻO kalua -pae wela(normalize + temper) mea koʻikoʻi. Hāʻawi ia i -palapala ferrite matrix maikaʻi e kūʻē i ka embrittlement, mālama i ka ductility weld, a hāʻawi i ka hana kolo hiki ke wānana i nā makahiki o ka lawelawe ʻana.

ʻĀpana ʻāpana

ʻĀpana	Laulā
Anawaena waho	½″ – 24″ (12.7 – 610 mm)
Mānoanoa Pā	1.2 - 100 mm
Ka lōʻihi	A hiki i 12 m (SRL/DRL/maʻamau)
Pololei	ʻOi aku a i ʻole like me 0.8 mm / m
ʻAno Hoʻopau	Beveled / Plain / Uila

ʻO ka hana maʻamau e like meU-hui, wili, a me ka hui pooloaʻa ma ke noi no ka mana wela a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Hana ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe

Ma nā kūlana hana ma luna o 550 degere, P22 puka aʻopuʻu Cr₂O₃ ʻokiʻokie pili ana i ka metala kumu, e pale ana i ka spallation a me ka poho metala.
Hana kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ke ʻano hepale ho'ōla iā ia iho-., mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela a me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili i ka wā lōʻihi.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hana nui:

Ka ikaika kolo kiʻekiʻe:Paʻa ma lalo o ka hoʻokau mau a me ke kaʻa paikikala.
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka luhi wela:ʻAʻole ʻo -matrix grained i ka pohā ma lalo o nā pōʻai hoʻonui.
Paʻa Paʻa Ana:ʻO ka hoʻonui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hōʻoia i ka alignment weld mau.
Hana Weld:Hoʻihoʻi ka PWHT i ka ductility a hoʻopau i ke koʻikoʻi koena.
Kū'ē ʻOxidation:ʻO ka palekana hilinaʻi a hiki i ka 620 degere, e hoʻonui i nā manawa nānā.

Hana Hana

ASTM A335 P22 alloy pipe ua hoʻolaha nui ʻia mahana mana, petrochemical, aka hoomaemae ananā ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi mamea hoʻomehana, mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou, a me nā kaapuni wai hānai kiʻekiʻe.

Noi Lunamakaainana:

ʻO ka paila a me ka hoʻomehana houno nā ʻāpana subcritical a supercritical.
Nā Poʻomanaʻo Mokuahi Kaʻinaanā mea hoʻokele waiwaii nā mea kanu mana.
ʻO nā kapuahi hoʻoheheʻe a me nā kapuahi petrokimiakahi e noho pū ai nā kinoea carburizing a me ka oxidizing.
Na Puka Pumahanaamea hooponopono houe koi ana i ka pa'a -makahiki lō'ihi.

ʻO kāna moʻolelo lawelawe i ka ikehu ikehu hōʻoia i kona kūpono nohana mau a me ka liʻiliʻi downtime, e ho'olilo ana i ka P22 i mea ko'iko'i ma ka honua holo'oko'a ki'eki'e- mea kanu pono.

Hoʻāʻo a me ka hōʻoia maikaʻi

Kūlike nā huahana a pauASTM A335 / A999aASME SA335nā kūlana, hōʻoia ma o:

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic a i ʻole ultrasonic
ʻO nā hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana
ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka waiwai mīkini (tensile, hardness)
Nānā nui a me ka nānā
Ka hopena koho a me ka ho'āʻo radiographic

Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻulu meEN 10204 3.1/3.2 palapala hōʻoia, piha hiki ke huli, a me ka wili mooolelo hoao.

Pono Pono me ka Paipu Octal

Hāʻawi ʻo Octal Pipe i nā paipu ASTM A335 P22 i lokokūlana maʻamau a me ka huhū, e hō'oia ana i ka hana mahanahana ki'eki'e -a me ka launa pū me ka weld.
Me ka ISO -mea hana i hōʻoia ʻia, QA/QC hoʻohui ʻana, a me ka papahana -palapala palapala, hāʻawi ʻo Octal Pipe i nā ʻōnaehana paipu huila hilinaʻi noʻoihana wela, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me nā ʻoihana hana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike i kēia manawa

FAQ

Q1: He aha ka ASTM A335 P22 (ASME SA335 P22) paipu i hoʻohana ʻia no?

A1:ʻO ka pipili lawelawe -kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-pili i loko o nā mea kanu mana, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā ʻāpana petrochemical.

Q2: He aha ka ʻōnaehana alloy maʻamau no ka paipu P22?

A2:2.25Cr-1Mo (chrome-moly) ferritic alloy steel i hoʻolālā ʻia no ke kolo a me ka pale ʻana.

Q3: He aha ka mālama wela e koi pinepine ʻia no ka paipu P22?

A3:ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana (N+T) me nā moʻolelo lapaʻau wela i kākau ʻia.

N4: I ka manawa hea e koho ai au iā P22 ma kahi o P11 a i ʻole P91?

A4:E koho i ka P22 ma ke 'ano he papa waena -koi no ka wela/koi koi ki'eki'e ma mua o P11, akā me ka 'ole o ke kumu kū'ai/nā mana ki'eki'e e pili pinepine ana me P91.

Q5: He aha kaʻu e noi ai e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka paipu P22 ma mua o ke kūʻai?

A5:EN 10204 3.1/3.2 MTC me ka huli ʻana o ka wela, nā hopena mechanical/kemika, paʻakikī, a me ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic a i ʻole UT e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia.